目的 解决玻璃的防雾问题。 方法 采用溶胶-凝胶法在玻璃表面涂覆 SiO₂ 和 TiO₂ 复合薄膜,以改变玻璃表面的亲水性。 通过全因素试验研究了 SiO₂ 溶胶的制备温度、SiO₂ 薄膜的层数及 TiO₂ 薄膜的层数对玻璃亲水性的影响。 结果 SiO₂ 溶胶的制备温度对玻璃的亲水性影响最大,其次是 SiO₂ 层数,最后才是 TiO₂ 的层数。 随 SiO₂ 溶胶的制备温度的升高,以及 SiO₂ 层数和 TiO₂ 层数的增加,玻璃的亲水性先上升,后基本保持不变。 结论 玻璃表面亲水改性最佳制备工艺条件是 SiO₂ 溶胶制备温度为 60℃ ,2 层 SiO₂ 薄膜和2层TiO₂ 薄膜。

Objective To solve the anti-fog problems of the glass surfaces. Methods TiO₂/ SiO₂laminated films were coated on the glass substrates to increase the hydrophilicity of the glass. The films were prepared by immersing and pulling out the glass substrate into the solutions which were made by the method of sol-gel. The effects of the preparation temperature of the silicon solution, and the layer numbers of TiO₂ and SiO₂ on the hydrophilicity of the glass were studied. Results The results showed that the largest influencing factor on the hydrophilicity of the glass surface was the preparation temperature of the silicon solution, followed by the layer numbers of SiO₂ . The minimal influencing factor was the layer number of TiO₂ . With the increase in preparation temperature of the silicon solution, and the increase of the layers numbers of both SiO₂and TiO₂, the hydrophilicity of the glass surface first increased, and then remained almost constant. Conclusion The optimal process condition for modifying the hydrophilicity of the glass surface was to prepare the silicon solution at 60 ℃ and coat 2 layers of SiO₂ films and 2 layers of the TiO₂films on the glass substrates.