采用溶胶-凝胶技术结合酸碱两步法制得 SiO₂ 醇凝胶分散液,然后通过简单的旋涂法和常压干燥技术在玻璃表面上构筑 SiO₂ 气凝胶薄膜,从而一步法实现玻璃表面低表面能物质的修饰和粗糙结构的构建,赋予玻璃表面超疏水、自清洁的特性。 考察制备条件是否老化对玻璃表面形成的 SiO₂ 气凝胶薄膜性能的影响。结果表明,经过 60 ℃ 老化后的 SiO₂ 凝胶,在玻璃表面制备出的 SiO₂ 气凝胶薄膜具有更加优异的超疏水性能,静态水接触角可以达到 165 . 6 ^o ,滚动角小于 1 ^o 。

Silica dispersion was synthesized via acid-base two-step processing and sol-gel method. The prepared dispersion could build silica aerogel film on the surface of glass through the simple spin coating and atmospheric drying technology.Thus, the modification of low surface energy and construction of rough structure on the glass surface could realized through onestep method, then, the surface of glass was endowed with special properties such as water-proof, self-clean, etc. Different conditions of preparation such as whether aging affected the property of silica aerogel film were studied. The result shows that silica aerogel film on the surface of glass prepared from silica alcogel aged in 60 ℃ has excellent superhydrophobic effect: the water contact angle is 165 . 6 ^o , and the water roll-off angle is less than 1 ^o .