目的 为解决镁合金微弧氧化（MAO）涂层因存在微孔和微裂纹而导致的长期耐腐蚀性与耐磨性不足的问题,旨在开发一种新型聚酰亚胺(PI)/二氧化铈(CeO2)复合涂层,以密封MAO层缺陷并提升其综合防护性能。方法 首先将CeO2 颗粒分散于聚酰亚胺溶液中,随后将此复合溶液涂覆于已进行MAO处理的表面,成功制备出兼具优异耐腐蚀性和耐磨性的涂层。采用扫描电镜、X射线衍射、电化学测试、盐雾试验及摩擦磨损试验系统地表征了涂层的微观结构、耐腐蚀性及耐磨性。结果 微观结构表明,PI层完全填充了MAO层的孔隙,形成了致密、光滑且疏水的表面(接触角>110°)。电化学测试显示,PI密封及CeO2掺杂显著增强了涂层的防护性能：MAO/PI-CeO2涂层在3.5%（质量分数）NaCl中具有最正的腐蚀电位、最低的腐蚀电流密度,远优于单一MAO及MAO/PI涂层。盐雾试验进一步证实,MAO/PI-CeO2涂层在40 d后仅出现轻微局部腐蚀,表现出优异的长期稳定性。此外,CeO2的引入减小了磨损深度,显著提升了耐磨性。结论 成功制备了PI/CeO2复合涂层并能有效密封MAO层的微观缺陷,显著提升了镁合金MAO涂层的长期耐腐蚀性、耐磨性及疏水性。
Abstract
The application of Mg alloys in lightweight structures for transportation and electronics is expanding due to their low density. However, their poor corrosion resistance, stemming from high chemical reactivity, remains a major obstacle. Micro-arc oxidation (MAO) is a common surface treatment that improves hardness and wear resistance, but the inherent micro-pores and micro-cracks in the ceramic layer act as pathways for corrosive agents, leading to eventual coating failure and substrate corrosion, which limits long-term performance. To address the issue of insufficient long-term corrosion resistance and wear resistance of MAO coatings on Mg alloys caused by the presence of micropores and microcracks, this study aims to develop a novel polyimide (PI)/cerium dioxide (CeO2) composite coating to seal the defects in the MAO layer and enhance its comprehensive protective performance. First, CeO2 particles are dispersed in a polyimide solution. Subsequently, this composite solution is applied to the surface that has undergone MAO treatment, successfully preparing a coating with excellent corrosion resistance and wear resistance. Scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, electrochemical tests, salt spray tests, and friction and wear tests are employed to systematically characterize the microstructure, corrosion resistance, and wear resistance of the coating. The microstructure analysis indicates that the PI layer completely fills the pores of the MAO layer, forming a dense, smooth, and hydrophobic surface (contact angle >110°). Electrochemical tests reveal that PI sealing and CeO2 doping significantly improve the protective performance of the coating: the MAO/PI-CeO2 coating exhibits the most positive corrosion potential and the lowest corrosion current density, far superior to that of single MAO and MAO/PI coatings. Salt spray tests further confirm that the MAO/PI-CeO2 coating shows only slight local corrosion after 40 days, demonstrating excellent long-term stability. Additionally, the introduction of CeO2 decreases the wear depth, significantly enhancing the wear resistance. Analysis of the wear tracks using 3D profilometry confirms a substantial decrease in both wear width and depth, underscoring the coating's superior resistance to abrasive and adhesive wear. The exceptional performance is attributed to a synergistic mechanism. The PI matrix acts as a dense, continuous physical barrier that blocks the penetration of electrolytes. Simultaneously, the dispersed CeO2 nanoparticles play a dual role: they further densify the polymer matrix, reducing intrinsic micro-defects, and provide an active chemical inhibition function. Upon exposure, Ce3+/Ce4+ions can be released and migrate to local cathodic sites, where they react with hydroxyl ions to form insoluble cerium hydroxide/oxide precipitates, which effectively block active corrosion sites and hinder further cathodic reactions, imparting a self-healing capability to the coating system. The PI/CeO2 composite coating successfully prepared in this study can effectively seal the microdefects in the MAO layer, significantly improving the long-term corrosion resistance, wear resistance, and hydrophobicity of the MAO coating on Mg alloys. This multifunctional composite coating presents a promising and robust surface engineering solution for extending the service life of Mg alloy components in demanding corrosive and mechanically abrasive environments.
关键词
镁合金 /
微弧氧化 /
二氧化铈 /
聚酰亚胺 /
耐腐蚀性和耐磨性
Key words
Mg alloy /
micro-arc oxidation /
CeO2 /
polyimide /
corrosion and wear resistance
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基金
国家自然科学基金（52501096）;山东省自然科学基金（ZR2025QC513）;聊城大学大学生创新创业训练计划（cxcy2025016）
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