目的 探究碳量子点对不同金属在不同工况下的缓蚀性能，分析其在溶液中的作用方式，并提出对金属的缓蚀机理模型，阐释其与传统缓蚀剂分子作用机制的差异。方法 采用水热法制备碳量子点，使用质量损失挂片、电化学测试及表面分析手段，研究碳量子点对碳钢和铝合金分别在饱和CO2盐溶液和盐酸溶液中的缓蚀性能。结果 碳量子点对碳钢和铝合金的腐蚀具有明显的抑制作用，质量损失测试证实，当添加质量浓度分别为50 mg/L和5 mg/L时，缓蚀效率可对应达到93%和86%。另外，阳极极化曲线段均出现明显的脱附电位，证实碳量子点在电极表面存在明显的吸附过程。微观形貌表征揭示碳量子点在金属界面形成了厚度超过100 nm的纳米结构保护膜，从而提升了表面疏水性能。不同时间下的电化学阻抗谱测试和荧光显微观察结果表明，其在溶液中的缓蚀作用达到稳定所需时间明显长于传统的缓蚀剂，约为3 h。结论 碳量子点是一种缓蚀性能优异的纳米材料缓蚀剂，独特的组成结构使其能在金属表面吸附或鳌合成膜，特殊的荧光性质为其吸附过程的原位表征提供来了新思路。

The work aims to investigate the corrosion inhibition performance of carbon dots (CDs) for different metals under different conditions and then analyze the action mode of CDs in solution, put forward the inhibition mechanism model and explain the differences between CDs and traditional corrosion inhibitors in action mechanism. CDs were synthesized by hydrothermal method, and weight loss tests, electrochemical measurements and surface analysis were adopted to study the inhibition performance of CDs on carbon steel and aluminum alloy in CO2-saturated 3.5% NaCl solution and 0.1 M hydrochloric acid solution, respectively. CDs could inhibit the corrosion of carbon steel and aluminum alloy effectively. From the weight loss tests, the inhibition efficiency received 93% and 86%, respectively when the adding concentration was 50 mg/Land 5 mg/L. In addition, the desorption potentials occurred obviously in anodic polarization curves, confirming the adsorption of CDs on metal surface. The morphology characterization revealed that CDs had a nano-structure protection film with thickness more than 100 nm at metal interface, thus improving the surface hydrophobicity. From the results of EIS and fluorescence microscopic observation for different immersion time, the time required to stabilize corrosion inhibition in solution was obviously longer than that of traditional corrosion inhibitors, about 3 h. CDs is an effective nanomaterial corrosion inhibitor, and the unique structure enables nanoparticles to adsorb or chelate on metal surface, and the special fluorescence properties provide a new idea for in-situ characterization of adsorption processes.