目的 研究电解液温度对镁合金表面微弧氧化的成膜过程、膜层性能以及黑色着色过程的影响。 方法 使用不同温度（5、15、25、35 ℃）的硅磷电解液，在AZ31B镁合金基体上制备黑色微弧氧化膜。利用紫外可见分光光度计测定各膜层的黑度及色差，采用XRD、XPS、Raman分别用于分析膜层的物相组成、膜层中V元素存在的价态及相对含量、膜层中氧化物种类。利用场发射扫描电镜观察膜层的微观组织形貌变化。使用电化学工作站分析各膜层的耐蚀性能。结果 随着电解液温度的升高，膜层黑度值从24.80（5 ℃）上升至29.03（35 ℃），其色差值也呈现总体上升趋势。膜层中V3+与V5+的比值RVO由3.6（5 ℃）下降至0.28（35 ℃）。膜层中孔洞尺寸先变小后增大，在25 ℃时孔洞尺寸最小，此时膜层最致密。膜层的腐蚀电流密度变化不大，在25 ℃时达到最低值（5.3 μA/cm2），此时膜层耐蚀性能最好。结论 电解液温度越高，膜层黑度越浅，色差越大，膜层的致密性先变好后恶化，但膜层的耐蚀性变化不大。温度升高使膜层黑度下降的原因是膜层中RVO值的下降。

The work aims to study the influence of electrolyte temperature on the coating process, coating properties and black coloring process of micro-arc oxidation (MAO) on magnesium alloy surface. The black MAO coatings were prepared on AZ31B substrates by Si-P electrolyte at different temperature (5, 15, 25, 35 ℃). Blackness and chromatic aberration were determined by UV/VIS/NIR spectrophotometer and phase composition, valence state of V contained in coatings and relative content, and varieties of oxidation contained in coatings were analyzed by XRD, XPS and Raman, respectively. SEM was used to observe microstructure morphology of the coating and the corrosion resistance of MAO coating was evaluated by electrochemi?cal workstation. With the increase of electrolyte temperature, the blackness value of coatings increased from 24.80 (5 ℃) to 29.03 (35 ℃), and chromatic aberration of coatings gradually increased. The ratio of V3+ to V5+ in the coating RVO decreased from 3.6 (5 ℃) to 0.28 (35 ℃). The dimension of pores in the coating decreased firstly and then increased. When electrolyte temperature was 25 ℃, the pores on the coating possessed the minimum dimension and the coating obtained the best compact?ness and the corrosion current density of coatings showed puny change. When electrolyte temperature was 25 ℃, the coating possessed the lowest corrosion current density (5.3 μA/cm2) and the best corrosion resistance. Higher electrolyte temperature causes lighter black and higher chromatic aberration, but the compactness of coatings increase firstly and then decreases with the increase of electrolyte temperature and the corrosion resistance is not sensitive to temperature changes. As the temperature increases, the coatings blackness will decline because of the decrease of RVO value.