目的 提高牺牲阳极的阴极保护法在酸性土壤中对接地网的防腐能力,分析牺牲阳极阴极保护法在酸性土壤中应用的技术要点,总结保护效果优化措施。 方法 设计牺牲阳极模拟系统,模拟地网面积为 3. 52 m2,保护电流设计为 35. 2 mA,对 Q235 碳钢和镀锌钢两种常用接地材料的接地电阻、保护电位及保护电流进行研究。 结果 该方法对镀锌钢保护较好,保护电位均低于-0. 95 V;对 Q235 碳钢保护较差,保护电位部分高于-750 mV,且波动较大,最大波幅可达 201 mV。 系统运行中,计算得出保护电流在降雨量较大时最高可达30. 75 mA,降雨量较小时最低为11. 89 mA,均低于设计值。 结论 由于阳极处砂石较多、土壤电阻率高,阳极不能完全释放电流。 其次,土壤保水性差,电阻率波动大,系统运行不稳定也抑制了保护效果。 酸性土壤盐基性离子大量淋失,土壤电阻率普遍较高,且受降雨扰动较大,牺牲阳极工作效率较低且稳定性差。 需采用适当提高保护电流、降低阳极区土壤电阻率、优化阳极设计工艺参数等措施以达到良好的保护效果。

Objective To improve the corrosion resistance of galvanic anode cathodic protection for grounding grid in acidic soil, analyze key technologies of the application of galvanic anode cathodic protection method in acid soil and summarize measures for improving the protection effect. Methods The designed simulated expendable anode system was applied to widely investigate grounding resistance, protection potential and protection current of Q235 steel and galvanized steel with 3. 52 m2 grounding grid and 35. 2 mA protection current. Results Galvanized steel was well protected and the protective potential was lower than -0. 95 V. But the protection of Q235 steel was less effective, and the protective potential exceeded -750 mV with fluctuation of 210 mV sometimes. During the operation, the protective current could reach 30. 75 mA when the precipitation was high, and was reduced to 11. 89 mA when the precipitation was low, both of which were lower than the design values. Conclusion This was mainly due to high soil resistivity in the anode environment, more gravel resulted in less anode current. Second, poor soil water retention, resistance fluctuations, and unstable systems also decreased the protective effect. The salinity of acidic soil was greatly lost. The soil resistivity was high and disturbed by rainfall, so the work efficiency and stability were limited. Protection current was improved by measures such as reasonable increase of protection current, reduction of soil resistivity in the anode environment, and optimization of anode design process parameters.