In this paper, the basic principles of high-energy shot blasting, surface mechanical attrition treatment, supersonic particles bombarding, ultrasonic peening, laser shock modified were overviewed. And the results of the modification treatments on the surfaces of welded joints of different materials were emphatically analyzed. These modification methods can make the surface grain of welded joints refinement, and the surface grain size of welded joints can even reach the nanoscale. At the same time, it can also improve the surface hardness of welded joints, and improve the strength of welded components. The residual tensile stress of the joints will disappear, and make the tensile stress change to the residual compressive stress, which can restrain the generation of welded joints crack source, improve the ability of anti-fatigue fracture of welded joints, and further prolong the life span of welding components. It helps us acquire a further understanding of the application domain range as well as the advantages and disadvantages of existing surface modification treatment methods. And this paper also prospected the development and research direction of the welded joints surface modification methods.