Objective To improve the heat insulation and UV resistance performance of fabrics. Methods Cotton fabrics were coated with silica aerogel and TiO₂as functional particles, and PA as well as PU as adhesive agents. The influences of the amounts of silica aerogel and adhesive agent on the insulation performance of the coated fabrics were studied. Results The coated fabrics showed much better thermal insulation performance than the untreated fabrics. The insulation performance of coated fabric was the best when the mass ratio of the binder to deionized water was 2 : 8 and aerogel accounted for 10% of the mass of the coating agent. SiO₂-TiO₂composite coating also displayed extraordinary thermal insulation behavior. Compared with the untreated fabrics, the coated fabrics manifested the same level of breaking strength, lower tearing strength, much better anti-ultraviolet capability with good abrasion fastness. Conclusion The heat insulation performance of cotton fabrics was improved a lot after coating with silica aerogel and TiO₂as functional agents.