Durability of Epoxy Superhydrophobic Coating Enhanced by Phenyl Silicone Resin

KUANG Liang; BAI Chaoyun; PENG Huihui; QIN Ling; XIE Dan; NIE Chaoyin

doi:10.16490/j.cnki.issn.1001-3660.2025.16.018

PDF(4315 KB)

Surface Technology ›› 2025, Vol. 54 ›› Issue (16) : 212-220. DOI: 10.16490/j.cnki.issn.1001-3660.2025.16.018

Surface Functionalization

Durability of Epoxy Superhydrophobic Coating Enhanced by Phenyl Silicone Resin

KUANG Liang, BAI Chaoyun, PENG Huihui, QIN Ling, XIE Dan, NIE Chaoyin^*

Author information +

History +

Abstract

Superhydrophobic coating has a wide application prospect in the fields of anti-ice, anti-fog, self-cleaning, oil-water separation, etc. But its durability is the key factor affecting its practical application. Epoxy resin (EP) has excellent physical and mechanical properties and adhesion properties, and is widely used in the preparation of superhydrophobic coatings. Phenyl silicone resin (SI) is a kind of material with excellent properties such as low surface energy, high weather resistance, hydrophobicity and corrosion resistance. On the surface of some complex substrates, it can fill the tiny gap between the super-hydrophobic micro-nano structure and the substrate, which helps to enhance the adhesion. In this study, a mechanically robust superhydrophobic coating is prepared by a simple one-step brush method by combining phenyl silicone resin with epoxy resin and adding Hydroxy-terminated polydimethylsiloxane (OH-PDMS) modified nano-silica particles. The structure changes of SiO₂nanoparticles and superhydrophobic coatings before and after modification are analyzed by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. The surface of the superhydrophobic coating with different contents of phenyl silicone resin is observed by field emission electron microscopy. The mechanical stability and durability of the superhydrophobic coating are evaluated by the experiments of friction and wear, tape stripping and acid-alkali corrosion. The corrosion resistance of the coating is tested by electrochemical workstation. The results show that compared with the infrared spectrum of unmodified SiO₂, the modified SiO₂ has a methyl absorption peak at 2 960 cm^-1, and the presence of methyl indicates that the modified SiO₂nanoparticles are successful. The hydrophobic angle test shows that the coating hydrophobic angle increases first and then decreases with the increase of the content of phenyl silicone resin. When the content of epoxy resin and phenyl silicone resin is 4∶3, the maximum hydrophobic angle reaches 155.3°. It can be seen from the SEM images that there are obvious depressions and protrusions on the coating surface, and the overall structure is valley like. With the increase of the content of phenyl silicone resin, the surface aperture and the depth of the coating decrease gradually, and the hydrophobic angle increases first and then decreases. When the content of epoxy resin and phenyl silicone resin is 4∶3, the hydrophobic angle reaches the maximum value of 155.3°. Wear experiments and tape stripping experiments show that phenyl silicone resin can enhance the bond between coating and substrate, epoxy resin and nanoparticles, and significantly enhance the mechanical stability of the superhydrophobic coating. After 70 times of friction and wear, the water contact angle of the coating surface remains at a high level after 40 times of tape stripping. The presence of Si—O in the superhydrophobic coating makes it have excellent thermal stability and ultraviolet resistance. The coating still has superhydrophobicity after heat treatment at 200 ℃ for 24 h and ultraviolet irradiation for 96 h. Acid-alkali salt soaking shows that the superhydrophobic coating has excellent chemical stability. The electrochemical test shows that the superhydrophobic coating has excellent barrier and anti-corrosion effect, the corrosion current density is 2 orders of magnitude lower than that of the epoxy coating, and the anti-corrosion efficiency reaches 99.8%.

Key words

superhydrophobic / wettability / mechanical stability / durability / phenyl silicone resin / SiO₂

Cite this article

EndNote

Ris (Procite)

Bibtex

Download Citations

KUANG Liang, BAI Chaoyun, PENG Huihui, QIN Ling, XIE Dan, NIE Chaoyin. Durability of Epoxy Superhydrophobic Coating Enhanced by Phenyl Silicone Resin[J]. Surface Technology. 2025, 54(16): 212-220 https://doi.org/10.16490/j.cnki.issn.1001-3660.2025.16.018

References

[1] KOCH K, BARTHLOTT W.Superhydrophobic and Superhydrophilic Plant Surfaces: An Inspiration for Biomimetic Materials[J]. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences, 2009, 367(1893): 1487-1509.
[2] FENG X Q, GAO X F, WU Z N, et al.Superior Water Repellency of Water Strider Legs with Hierarchical Structures: Experiments and Analysis[J]. Langmuir, 2007, 23(9): 4892-4896.
[3] LI S, XIAO P, ZHOU W, et al.Bioinspired Nanostructured Superwetting Thin-Films in a Self-Supported Form Enabled "Miniature Umbrella" for Weather Monitoring and Water Rescue[J]. Nano-Micro Letters, 2021, 14(1): 32.
[4] LIU J P, JANJUA Z A, ROE M, et al.Super-Hydrophobic/ Icephobic Coatings Based on Silica Nanoparticles Modified by Self-Assembled Monolayers[J]. Nanomaterials, 2016, 6(12): 232.
[5] XI N Y, LIU Y, ZHANG X N, et al.Steady Anti-Icing Coatings on Weathering Steel Fabricated by HVOF Spraying[J]. Applied Surface Science, 2018, 444: 757-762.
[6] ZHOU X W, GUO Y, LU Z.3D Xanthium-Like of Ni-Co-Zn Ternary Alloys as Superhydrophobic Coatings Toward Porous Ti Surface for Its Anti-Icing Performances[J]. Surface and Coatings Technology, 2023, 473: 130034.
[7] MILLER R H B, WEI Y S, MA C, et al. Bioinspired Super-Hydrophobic Fractal Array via a Facile Electrochemical Route: Preparation and Corrosion Inhibition for Cu[J]. RSC Advances, 2022, 12(1): 265-276.
[8] SONG Z W, XIE Z H, DING L F, et al.Corrosion Resistance of Super-Hydrophobic Coating on AZ31B Mg Alloy[J]. International Journal of Electrochemical Science, 2018, 13(7): 6190-6200.
[9] WANG P, ZHANG D, QIU R, et al.Super-Hydrophobic Film Prepared on Zinc and Its Effect on Corrosion in Simulated Marine Atmosphere[J]. Corrosion Science, 2013, 69: 23-30.
[10] SHANG Q Q, ZHOU Y H.Fabrication of Transparent Superhydrophobic Porous Silica Coating for Self-Cleaning and Anti-Fogging[J]. Ceramics International, 2016, 42(7): 8706-8712.
[11] SHAHZADI P, GILANI S R, RANA B B, et al.Transparent, Self-Cleaning, Scratch Resistance and Environment Friendly Coatings for Glass Substrate and Their Potential Applications in Outdoor and Automobile Industry[J]. Scientific Reports, 2021, 11(1): 20743.
[12] CHENG Q Y, LIU M C, LI Y D, et al.Biobased Super- Hydrophobic Coating on Cotton Fabric Fabricated by Spray-Coating for Efficient Oil/Water Separation[J]. Polymer Testing, 2018, 66: 41-47.
[13] YUAN S S, STROBBE D, KRUTH J P, et al.Super- Hydrophobic 3D Printed Polysulfone Membranes with a Switchable Wettability by Self-Assembled Candle Soot for Efficient Gravity-Driven Oil/Water Separation[J]. Journal of Materials Chemistry A, 2017, 5(48): 25401-25409.
[14] CHOI Y J, KO J H, JIN S W, et al.Transparent Self- Cleaning Coatings Based on Colorless Polyimide/Silica Sol Nanocomposite[J]. Polymers, 2021, 13(23): 4100.
[15] DU B, ZHAO Y S, BAI Y.Preparation of PDMS/ EEC/SiO₂ Composite Super-Hydrophobic Coatings with Excellent Anti-Guano Adhesion Performance[J]. Journal of Adhesion Science and Technology, 2019, 33(17): 1882-1894.
[16] LI L Y, ZHU J F, ZENG Z X, et al.Effect of Surface Roughness on the Angular Acceleration for a Droplet on a Super-Hydrophobic Surface[J]. Friction, 2021, 9(5): 1012-1024.
[17] HUANG Y F, CHEN B, LV Z S, et al.Facile Fabrication of Durable Superhydrophobic SiO₂/Polyacrylate Composite Coatings with Low Nanoparticle Filling[J]. Journal of Coatings Technology and Research, 2020, 17(5): 1289-1295.
[18] ZHU J W, WU J C, ZHANG Q, et al.Rational Fabrication of High-Durability Superhydrophobic Coatings Based on the Excellent Compatibility between Nanoparticles and Polymers[J]. Progress in Organic Coatings, 2023, 175: 107358.
[19] LIU F T, DU H Z, HAN Y, et al.Recent Progress in the Fabrication and Characteristics of Self-Repairing Superhydrophobic Surfaces[J]. Advanced Materials Interfaces, 2021, 8(17): 2100228.
[20] ZHANG W L, WANG D H, SUN Z N, et al.Robust Superhydrophobicity: Mechanisms and Strategies[J]. Chemical Society Reviews, 2021, 50(6): 4031-4061.
[21] CAO X, SUN X, CAI G, et al.Durable Superhydrophobic Surfaces: Theoretical Models, Preparation Strategies, and Evaluation Methods[J]. Progress in Chemistry. 2021, 33(9): 1525-37.
[22] MI X Q, LIANG N, XU H F, et al.Toughness and Its Mechanisms in Epoxy Resins[J]. Progress in Materials Science, 2022, 130: 100977.
[23] LIANG C, LIU X H, TENG F, et al.TiO₂/EP Superhydrophobic Composite Coating with Excellent Mechanical and Chemical Stability[J]. Surface and Coatings Technology, 2024, 481: 130641.
[24] GUO H S, YANG C C, WANG C X.Sodium Alginate/ Epoxy Resin Was Separated by Emulsion Phase to Fabricate a Strong Superhydrophobic Coating[J]. Surfaces and Interfaces, 2024, 45: 103941.
[25] LI D W, WANG H Y, LIU Y, et al.Large-Scale Fabrication of Durable and Robust Super-Hydrophobic Spray Coatings with Excellent Repairable and Anti-Corrosion Performance[J]. Chemical Engineering Journal, 2019, 367: 169-179.
[26] HUANG W D, JIANG X L, ZHANG Y G, et al.Robust Superhydrophobic Silicone/Epoxy Functional Coating with Excellent Chemical Stability and Self-Cleaning Ability[J]. Nanoscale, 2023, 15(44): 17793-17807.
[27] BARLETTA M, PEZZOLA S, PUOPOLO M, et al.Design, Processing and Characterization of Flexible Hybrid Coatings: A Comparative Evaluation[J]. Materials & Design (1980-2015), 2014, 54: 924-933.
[28] KUO C J, CHEN J B.Study on the Synthesis and Application of Silicone Resin Containing Phenyl Group[J]. Journal of Sol-Gel Science and Technology, 2015, 76(1): 66-73.
[29] LIU Y, ZHAO Z B, SHAO Y W, et al.Preparation of a Superhydrophobic Coating Based on Polysiloxane Modified SiO₂ and Study on Its Anti-Icing Performance[J]. Surface and Coatings Technology, 2022, 437: 128359.
[30] FATHI F, NAZARLOU Z, AYDEMIR U, et al.Anti-Icing and Antibacterial Super-Hydrophobic Poly(dimethyl siloxane) Coatings Modified with Silica, TiO₂, Ag₃PO₄, and CuO Nanoparticles[J]. Materials Chemistry and Physics, 2025, 333: 130333.
[31] SULYM I, GONCHARUK O, STERNIK D, et al.Nanooxide/Polymer Composites with Silica@PDMS and Ceria-Zirconia-Silica@PDMS: Textural, Morphological, and Hydrophilic/Hydrophobic Features[J]. Nanoscale Research Letters, 2017, 12(1): 152.
[32] CHEN L, NI X, SHEN Y Q, et al.Experimental and Simulation Investigation on Hydrophobicity and Corrosion Resistance of Graphene Oxide Reinforced Composite Coating[J]. Applied Surface Science, 2024, 648: 159072.
[33] ZENG B, GU Q, ZHANG Y, et al.Engineering Electrode-Electrolyte Interface for Ultrastable Si-Based Solid-State Batteries[J]. Surfaces and Interfaces, 2024, 44: 103687.
[34] XU Y Y, LONG J, ZHANG R Z, et al.Greatly Improving Thermal Stability of Silicone Resins by Modification with POSS[J]. Polymer Degradation and Stability, 2020, 174: 109082.
[35] BLÄSING D K, LABBOW D R, SCHULZ P β A, et al. Silylated Sulfuric Acid: Preparation of a Tris(Trimethylsilyl) Oxosulfonium [(Me3Si-O)₃SO]+ Salt[J]. Angewandte Chemie International Edition, 2021, 60(25): 13798-13802.
[36] NIE Y, MA S Y, TIAN M Z, et al.Superhydrophobic Silane-Based Surface Coatings on Metal Surface with Nanoparticles Hybridization to Enhance Anticorrosion Efficiency, Wearing Resistance and Antimicrobial Ability[J]. Surface and Coatings Technology, 2021, 410: 126966.