The tread rubber of aircraft tires, as a critical component, directly withstands friction between the aircraft and the ground, leading to rapid tire temperature increases. Numerous studies have shown that elevated temperatures significantly impact the mechanical and performance characteristics of tires, posing potential safety risks. As the sole part of the tire that contacts the ground, the tread rubber is also the primary source of heat generation in the tire. Therefore, the thermodynamic research on aircraft tire tread rubber is of vital importance. In this study, due to the difficulty of measuring the temperature field of the entire aircraft tire during sliding and the significant errors in current methods, the tread rubber material is chosen as the research focus. The tire-road interaction is simplified to a rubber block-wheel model to investigate the mechanical and thermal behavior of the aircraft tire tread rubber under different sliding conditions. To achieve the research objective, a combination of experiments and simulations is employed to further elucidate the intrinsic relationship between the mechanical properties and temperature field variations of the tread rubber. Based on the CFT-I type friction experiment machine, a ring-block contact sliding friction experiment rig is established to simulate the sliding friction process between the aircraft tire tread and the runway surface. Sliding friction experiments are conducted under various load and sliding speed conditions, and the temperature field of the rubber block under different operating conditions is measured with the FOTRIC-628CH infrared thermal imager. A ring-block simulation model is established based on the friction experiment rig mentioned above, and the analysis is performed with the sequential thermomechanical coupling finite element method. The results show that under static contact and sliding conditions, as the load increases from 40 N to 90 N, both the contact area and contact pressure between the rubber block-wheel increase. Under static loading, the contact area increases from 51.097 mm2 to 80.570 mm2, and the contact pressure rises from 0.783 MPa to 1.117 MPa. Compared to static loading, the contact area and maximum contact pressure are significantly reduced under sliding conditions. Under sliding conditions, the temperature of the tread rubber initially increases rapidly and then stabilizes. With the condition of an 80 N load and a rotational speed of 200 r/min as an example, the rubber block temperature rises sharply from 26.4 ℃ to 76.3 ℃ within the first 10 seconds, and then gradually increases to 102.1 ℃ between 10 and 60 seconds. As the load and sliding speed increase, the temperature of the rubber rises, with sliding speed having a more significant effect on the temperature field. Under the same load, the maximum temperature at a rotational speed of 400 r/min is approximately twice that at 200 r/min. The average errors between simulation and experiment results for the maximum temperature at two sliding speeds are only 0.606% and 0.974%, respectively, indicating a high level of consistency between the experiment and simulation results. Overall, both load and sliding speed cause the rubber temperature field to rise rapidly, with sliding speed having a more significant impact. The sequential thermal-mechanical coupling method, based on the ring-block simulation model, provides a high level of accuracy in solving the mechanical and temperature fields for aircraft tire tread rubber sliding friction experiments. This study provides simulation method and theoretical guidance for the calculation of the mechanical and temperature fields in the ring-block friction experiments of aircraft tire tread rubber.
Key words
aircraft tire /
tread rubber /
sliding friction /
sequential thermal-mechanical coupling /
mechanical analysis /
temperature field analysis
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Funding
National Natural Science Foundation of China (52205239, 52105132, 52403031); Sichuan Science and Technology Program (2025YFHZ0309); Jilin Science and Technology Program (20240602125RC); the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (24CAFUC04005, 25CAFUC01002, 25CAFUC05004); Sichuan Province Engineering Technology Research Center of General Aircraft Maintenance (GAMRC2023ZD04)
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