The work aims to improve the load-carrying capacity and friction reduction performance of water-lubricated bearings. Different shapes of marine shellfish textures are designed on the surface of water-lubricated bearings. Based on the fluid-structure interaction theory, a study is conducted on biomimetic water-lubricated bearings to analyze the effects of texture shape, texture location, texture density, and axial distribution rate of textures on lubrication characteristics of bearings. The study aims to determine the optimal texture shape for water-lubricated bearings by comparing their load-bearing capacity and friction reduction performance. Once the texture shape is identified, the study focuses on investigating how the texture location affects the lubrication performance of water-lubricated bearings. With the texture location clarified, the effects of texture density on performance are investigated, followed by analyzing the effects of texture axial distribution rate on the load-bearing capacity and friction reduction performance of water-lubricated bearings. From the experimental results, by comparing biomimetic textured and smooth non-textured water-lubricated bearings, it is evident that, bearings with biomimetic textures have enhanced load-bearing capacity, with the tegillarca granosa texture bearing exhibiting the highest load capacity (78.76 N). In terms of friction reduction, biomimetic water-lubricated bearings still outperform smooth water-lubricated bearings, with the biomimetic tegillarca granosa texture showing the most significant reduction in friction force (0.85 N) and friction coefficient (0.010 8). The shape differences among three marine shellfish textures affect the micro dynamic pressure effect, with tegillarca granosa, ruditapes philippinarum and meretrix meretrix textures creating "bullet-shaped", At the same time, under this texture axial distribution rate, the load-carrying capacity of biomimetic water-lubricated bearings is significantly enhanced compared to that of smooth water-lubricated bearings. Therefore, compared to the other two types of marine shellfish textures, the texture of the tegillarca granosa contributes the most to enhancing the performance of water-lubricated bearings. When the texture is located "downstream" in the main load-carrying area of the smooth bearings, it maximizes the additional hydrodynamic pressure effect. Increasing the texture density and axial distribution rate enhances the load-carrying capacity and friction reduction performance of bearings.