Transmission oil is the lubricating medium of gear drive systems, which not only plays a crucial role in energy transfer but also is required to meet other performance requirements, such as bearing, wear resistance, and corrosion resistance. Today, with the development of modern industrial technology, gear drive systems are operating in more severe conditions including heavy loads, high speed, high temperature and harsh environments. The traditional transmission oil has not been able to match the new requirements of wear resistance and carrying capacity. Adding nano-additive is a feasible strategy to improve the performance of lubricants. Accordingly, in this work, two-dimensional graphene nanosheet was selected to enhance the performance of traditional transmission oil in the gear drive system.