Marine organisms are inclined to attach and grow on the surface of coastal power facilities, and their metabolic process and products lead to accelerated corrosion of metal surfaces and aging damage of power facilities, resulting in potential harm and economic loss. Therefore, anti-fouling coating techniques that can reduce and inhibit biological fouling on the surface of power facilities are of crucial research and application value. The preparation of anti-fouling coating by thermal spraying is one of the important methods to prevent biological fouling and corrosion and also an important direction to apply research work to practice in the future. Up to now, the research progress of biological corrosion status of power facilities and equipment and thermal spraying surface protection has not been reported. The current situation of biological fouling corrosion and the research progress of thermal spraying anti-fouling measures of power facilities and equipment were summarized in order to give a timely and comprehensive review. Firstly, the present situation of biological fouling and corrosion characteristics on power equipment in different coastal regions was introduced, typical application cases of anti-fouling coatings for different power facilities in recent years were cited, and then the research progress of the thermal spraying composite anti-fouling coating for nearly 10 years was exclusively reviewed according to different technical characteristics and developing trends. Additionally, the application prospect in coastal power facility protection was also analyzed, so as to provide important guidance for future research in the related fields.