Enhancing the resistance of bamboo to weathering and natural degradation and extending its service life, one approach is to reduce water absorption and oil contamination on the bamboo surface. Fabrication of oil-repellent surfaces are usually modified with fluorinating compounds, which are assumed to be associated with significant health and ecological environment concerns. In order to identify alternatives to fluorinated agents, the bamboo of prevented wettability and penetration for water and oil were created with fluorine-free chemicals. Methyltrimethoxysilane (MTMS) was used to the functional monomer and mixed it with 0.1 mol/L hydrochloric acid in a 1∶4 (V/V) ratio, and then the mixture was sonicated in an ice-bath for 5-240 minutes to carry out hydrolysis. The bamboo samples were submerged in the hydrolyzed MTMS solution for 5 minutes, after coating, bamboo samples were cured for 30 minutes under room temperature and dried in an oven at 103 ℃. The surface chemical performance of bamboo samples before and after modification was analyzed by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and the microscopic morphology was observed by Scanning electron microscope (SEM). The wettability of the bamboo surfaces was studied using an optical contact angle goniometer and liquid uptake was measured by immersing the bamboo samples separately into water and edible oil. The dynamic thermal mechanical properties of bamboo samples were analyzed by the Dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA). Results show that the MTMS-coated bamboo surfaces presented strong absorption peak of Si—CH3, and the intensity of the —OH absorption peak reduced compared with the control sample. The Si element composition on the bamboo surfaces of MTMS-coated did not change significantly with prolonged hydrolysis time and the content was about 24%, but the C element composition increased and the O element composition reduced slightly with the increase of hydrolysis time. The water contact angle increased from (65.3°±2.2°) to (81.5°±0.9°) with the hydrolysis time ranging from 5 min to 240 min and the stability of the water contact angles increased with the prolonged hydrolysis time. But the oil contact angles and their stability were less affected by the hydrolysis time, the oil contact angles of MTMS-coated bamboo were between (49.0°±1.0°) and (53.1°±0.4°) under the different hydrolysis time. After staying for 480 minutes, the oil contact angle decreased slightly within 2.6°, which proved that the performance of prevented oil-penetration was extremely stable. The coated bamboo surface formed a well-distributed and dense silicone polymer coating, which improved its storage modulus and heat resistance, as revealed by DMA tested results. The water and oil uptake reduced with an increase of the hydrolysis time. This study has demonstrated that using a facile, one-step solution coating method to fabricate bamboo can prevent wettability and penetration for water and oil, at the same time, the storage modulus and heat resistance for MTMS-coated bamboo samples are improved. Compared with the existing methods, MTMS does not contain fluorine and the coatings are therefore more environmental friendly. Moreover, the entire coating process is carried out in an aqueous environment under ambient conditions.