Planar magnetic particle grinding technology is a special processing technology that uses magnetic force to carry out mechanical grinding. With the development of science and technology, magnetic particle grinding technology is constantly applied to the processing of products in the such fields as high-precision machinery, instrumentation and aerospace, where the requirements for the machining accuracy and surface quality of workpieces are becoming more and more stringent. The surface quality of the workpiece, especially the grinding uniformity, is an important indicator to evaluate the quality of processing, and the uniformity of the grinding trajectory is directly related to the selection of the processing path. Thus far, in the planar magnetic particle grinding process, most of the traditional linear reciprocating processing path, this processing method exists in such issues as the workpiece surface can not be uniform grinding, grinding track repetitive, part of the grinding stripes easy to deepen. In response to these problems, the Hilbert curve is proposed as the grinding path, which is different from the traditional linear reciprocating type of planar magnetic particle grinding. This paper aims to optimize the geometrical features of the Hilbert fractal curve and compare the magnitude of magnetic induction at the end face of the toroidal pole with different length-to-diameter ratios to find the suitable pole size, and modify the geometrical features to improve the uneven distribution of the trajectory caused by the direct adoption of the Hilbert fractal curve. Under the same conditions, single grain grinding trajectories were simulated using ADAMS along the conventional linear reciprocating path, the Hilbert curve and the modified Hilbert curve, and the workpiece grid was divided to count the coordinate points of the grinding trajectories. The coefficient of dispersion is 0.407, with an improvement of approximately 43.2% compared to the conventional reciprocating type and approximately 10.7% compared to the Hilbert curve path. Secondly, most conventional planar magnetic particle grinding is carried out with cylindrical axial poles, but the cylindrical poles have an "edge effect", the magnetic induction is higher at the edges and weaker in the center, resulting in an uneven distribution of magnetic particles. In order to improve the surface quality and eliminate the "edge effect" and the difference in linear velocity when the pole rotates, an axially magnetized circular permanent magnet with an outer diameter of 20 mm and a wall thickness of 2 mm is selected to machine the workpiece. Furthermore, in order to examine the effect of different L/D ratios on the magnetic induction of the toroidal pole, four types of toroidal pole models with L/D ratios of 1∶4, 1∶2, 3∶4 and 1∶1 were established using Maxwell software, and the three-dimensional static magnetic field simulations were carried out in a row. In addition, the optimum length-to-diameter ratio was chosen for the grinding to ensure a certain degree of uniform material removal, and it was verified that the annular pole with a length-to-diameter ratio of 3∶4 had a maximum magnetic induction of approximately 300 mT. When a ?20 mm×?16 mm×15 mm axially magnetized permanent magnet pole was selected and the SUS304 stainless steel flat plate (100 mm×100 mm×3 mm) was ground along a modified Hilbert curve as the grinding path, the surface roughness of the nine inspection points in different areas of the workpiece surface was reduced at nearly the same rate with a gentle reduction curve compared to the conventional linear reciprocating path. What‘s more, the processing texture and defects of the original surface were basically removed, the surface shape after grinding was uniform and flat, and the grinding trajectory was complex and diverse yet relatively evenly distributed, ensuring uniformity in the amount of material removed from the surface as well as better surface quality uniformity.