Duplex stainless steel contains ferrite + austenite two-phase structure, has good mechanical and corrosion properties, especially for its excellent stress corrosion cracking resistance. However, stress corrosion cracking (SCC) also occurs in duplex stainless steel under the combined action of specific environment and tensile stress. Because SCC is usually not found, it leads to catastrophic accidents. On this basis, from the material composition and microstructure; Temperature, pH, chloride ion and oxygen concentration, etc; The factors influencing the stress corrosion cracking of duplex stainless steel were summarized from the aspects of cold deformation and residual stress. Combined with the service environment and stress characteristics of duplex stainless steel, the stress corrosion cracking mechanism of duplex stainless steel was expounded, including electrochemical anodic dissolution theory, hydrogen embrittlement mechanism, membrane cracking theory, chemical embrittlement mechanical cracking two-stage theory, stress adsorption cracking theory. According to the stress corrosion mechanism，and taking the influencing factors into consideration，stress corrosion cracking sensitivity of the duplex stainless steel can be effectively reduce by reasonable addition of alloying elements to develop new duplex stainless steel，plasma carbonitriding or surface coating，heat treatment，modification treatment of duplex stainless steel．Finally, the future research direction of stress corrosion cracking of duplex stainless steel is prospected from two aspects of stress corrosion cracking mechanism and protection technology, so as to reduce the occurrence of stress corrosion cracking accidents in essence and ensure the "safe, stable and excellent" production.