In order to meet the demand of low viscosity lubricating oil for gasoline engine, a kind of sulfur- and phosphorus-free organic molybdenum (SPFMo) was synthesized and added into the low viscosity lubricating oil 0W-20. Moreover, the influence of self-developed anti-friction agent SPFMo, commercial anti-friction agent Molyvan855 and commercial anti- wear agent MOM201 on the tribological properties of 0W-20 under different temperatures and loads was studied in detail. The microstructure and composition of worn surface was observed by SEM and 3D laser scanning microscope. The results show that the SPFMo shows good anti-friction and anti-wear performances, both the friction factor and wear rate of 0W20 can be decreased. During the friction process, the molybdenum is enriched and has the function of anti-friction and anti-wear. The elements of molybdenum, sulfur, oxygen are the main elements of the lubricating film. The temperature and load conditions in which the SPFMo can show great tribological performance are 80-180 ℃ and 150-250 N (1 559-1 848 MPa), respectively. When the temperature is 130 ℃ and the load is 200 N, the friction factor and wear rate of 0W-20 can be decreased by 13.28% and 37.91% by the addition of SPFMo. And when the temperature is 130 ℃ and the load is 250 N, they can be decreased by 18.05% and 57.68%, respectively. The friction factor of 0W20+1% SPFMo decreases firstly and then increases with the increase of the temperature, and decreases with the increase of the load. The wear rate of 0W20+1% SPFMo decreases firstly and then increases with the increase of the temperature, and decreases with the increase of the load. Finally, the results can be helpful for adding sulfur-and phosphorus-free organic molybdenum for engine oils with low viscosity.