The work aims to prepare a thermal insulation and energy-saving coating with excellent mechanical properties and decoration in view of the shortcomings of the widely used traditional thermal insulation building materials, such as difficulty in construction, too thick system and poor decorative safety. The silica sol was modified by KH560 and compounded with styrene matrix emulsion to prepare the base film forming material for thermal insulation and energy-saving coatings. Ultramarine blue and cobalt blue pigments of 5%, 10%, 15% and 20% were added respectively to prepare 8 kinds of thermal insulation and energy-saving coatings. The grafting modification effect, size distribution, micro morphology and thermal stability of silica sol were tested by Fourier transform infrared spectrometer, Malvin Zeta potentiometer, scanning electron microscope and thermogravimetric analyzer. The micro morphology, crystal properties and element composition of the two pigments were analyzed by scanning electron microscope, X-ray diffraction and electron probe microanalysis. The solar reflectance and near-infrared reflectance of two blue pigments and energy-saving coatings were measured by UV/VIS/NIR spectrophotometer. The thermal insulation performance of coated test panels was tested by infrared thermal imager. The comprehensive mechanical properties and micro morphology of the coating were characterized by a variety of coating mechanical test tools and scanning electron microscope. KH560 had good modification effect on inorganic silica sol, which could significantly reduce the agglomeration of silica sol and enhance the thermal stability of silica sol and its dispersion in organic emulsion. When the amount of ultramarine blue and cobalt blue pigments was 5%, the energy-saving and thermal insulation effect of the 2 coatings was the best. The solar reflectance and near infrared reflectance of 5% ultramarine blue coating were 0.462 and 0.533 respectively, and that of 5% cobalt blue coating was 0.311 and 0.522 respectively. The infrared thermogram showed that the back heat balance temperature of 5% ultramarine blue coating and 5% cobalt blue coating were 68.0 ℃ and 65.5 ℃ respectively, which were 4.9 ℃ and 7.4 ℃ lower than those of empty board. When 5% pigment was added, the 2 coatings had excellent mechanical properties. After soaking in salt solution for 30 days, the two coatings had no obvious micro and macro defects, which could meet the needs of practical use. The test of thermal insulation and reflection performance shows that the prepared reflective thermal insulation and energy-saving coating has excellent thermal insulation performance, good mechanical properties and corrosion resistance, which is in line with the development concept of green environmental protection.