The work aims to study the influence of micro-groove texture on the surface tribological properties of the stator and rotor pairs of oil extraction hydraulic motors, in order to reduce the frictional resistance torque of the screw pair of the hydraulic motor and solve the problem of difficulty in starting the oil production system of a certain type of hydraulic drive screw pump in Daqing Oilfield after shutdown, it provides a design direction. According to the screw pair model of the screw motor, a metal-rubber flat plate reciprocating friction model was established, and rectangular micro grooves with different texture angles and depths were machined on the surface of the metal specimen. Using the orthogonal test method, carry out the research on the influence of different texture parameters on the friction performance of hydraulic motor spiral pair. Finally, the surface morphology of the rubber specimen before and after the friction and wear test is compared and analyzed to grasp the effect of texture on the service life of the rubber stator. When the texture angle is constant, the friction coefficient of each group of specimens was increased with the increase of texture depth except for the 90-5 test piece; when the texture depth is constant, the friction coefficient of each group of specimens was increased first and then decreased with the increase of texture angle; texture angle is the main influencing factor of friction coefficient. Under the same test conditions, the friction coefficient of the 0—5 specimens was reduced by 20.2% compared with the untextured specimens. In the metal-rubber contact centering of the stator and rotor of the hydraulic motor, the texture reduction mechanism is mainly to transport the lubricating medium through the micro groove to improve the lubrication conditions. The sample with reasonable texture parameter design can effectively reduce the friction coefficient of the friction pair without reducing the service life of the hydraulic motor, which is beneficial to the smooth start of the hydraulic drive screw pump oil extraction system.