The aim of this paper is to study the effect of nano-Al2O3 particles, micro-WC particles and SiC whiskers on the surface friction and wear properties of (WC+SiCw)/Cu-Al2O3 composite under the same current carrying conditions. The (WC+SiCw)/Cu-Al2O3 composites were prepared by powder metallurgy and internal oxidation, and their current carrying friction and wear properties were tested by HST-100 current carrying high speed tester. The microstructure of the composite materials and its surface morphology after current carrying friction and wear test were observed by transmission electron microscope and scanning electron microscope. The effects of different reinforcing phases on the wear property of (WC+SiCw)/ Cu-Al2O3 composites were studied and the wear mechanism was analyzed. The samples were drawn using an AUTOGRAPH AG-I 250 kN drawing device and the relation between tensile strength and wear property was analyzed. The results show that the hardness and ultimate tensile strength of (1WC+2SiCw)/Cu-Al2O3 composites are 20.2% and 12.7% higher than those of Cu-Al2O3 composites. The friction coefficient of (1WC+2SiCw)/Cu-Al2O3 composite is the least (0.33), which is 42.1% lower than that of Cu-Al2O3 composite. The wear morphology of (1WC+2SiCw)/Cu-Al2O3 composite is the smoothest, and there is no large area arc ablation, and the number of grooves is small and superficial. Therefore, the wear mechanism of (WC+SiCw)/ Cu-Al2O3 composite is mainly relevant to adhesive wear, abrasive wear and arc ablation; Nano-Al2O3 particles, micro-WC particles and SiC whiskers strengthen the copper matrix and improve the strength and hardness of the composite, thus reducing the friction coefficient and wear rate of the copper matrix composite. Besides, the wear of Cu-Al2O3 composites can be effectively improved when the mass ratio of WC particles and SiC whiskers is appropriate.