The two methods including the acid-chloride method and the amino ring-opening method for surface graft of graphene oxide are compared, and then the anchoring effect of the graft group is used to improve the dispersion effect of nano silver particles on the surface of graphene oxide. By comparing the product prepared by covalently grafting phenylene diamine with chlorinated graphene oxide (GO-Cl-DA) through the amide bond and the other product fabricated by blending graphene oxide and phenylene diamine together to obtained GO-DA in a one-step way. Furthermore, one strategy that depositing step was conducted after grafting (two-step method) was compared with another strategy that grafting and deposition were operated simultaneously (one-pot method). The composition, thermal stability, grafting bonds and the dispersion of silver nanoparticles were investigated by Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and thermal weight loss analysis. The obtained results indicated that p-phenylenediamine molecules can be effectively grafted on the surface of graphene oxide through the ring-opening reaction or amide bonds. But it is found that the one-step method has higher grafting efficiency and simple operation. For the graphene/silver hybrids, it was found that the two-step method had a higher degree of reduction, the loading of nano silver was increased from 1.01 at.% to 7.22 at.% and the dispersion was better. Therefore, the anchoring effect of grafted small molecules on nanoparticles is proposed. It is concluded that the amino ring-opening method is a more simple and efficient method when modifying graphene oxide with amino molecules. And, the grafted molecules can improve the in-situ deposited inorganic nanoparticles by anchoring effect and thus the obtain hybrid materials possess better loading effect. This study involves the comparison of typical methods of organic molecular modification and inorganic nanoparticles deposition on the surface of graphene oxide, which has important reference significance for the surface modification of nanomaterials.