Magnetic field exists around magnets, and the interaction between magnets is mediated by magnetic field. Magnetic field force includes Lorentz force and Ampere force. In this paper, the effects of magnetic fields on microbial and metal corrosion processes, including single bacteria and mixed bacteria systems, electrochemical control and concentration polarization control of electrochemical processes are summarized. The prevention and control methods of microorganism metal corrosion by magnetic field were summarized, including microorganism competition, the application of corrosion inhibitor and the deficiency. On this basis, the research progress of metal microbial corrosion under magnetic field conditions in recent years was reviewed, and the influence of magnetic field on microbial growth characteristics and biofilm formation was analyzed. The system existing in different microorganisms and the types of electrochemical process control were discussed in detail. In the presence of magnetic field, the corrosion mechanism of microorganism to metal, including biofilm theory, ion interference theory, free radical theory and so on, is summarized. Finally, combined with the related mechanism of metal corrosion process caused by magnetic field, the future research direction of microbial corrosion prevention and control by magnetic field is prospected.