The attached water on the surface of the key components of some important equipment working in the air, land, sea and deep seais seriously reducing the special properties of self-cleaning, anti-fouling and anti-corrosion on the surface of key equipment. The rapid surface dehydration technology based on the bionic strategy can complete the efficient and substantial peeling of the surface adhered water, which has important practical significance. We summarized the current research progress, scientific research trends and application limitations in the field of surface dehydration. Based on the excellent behaviour and functional principle of biological control of wetting in nature, the dynamic and static interface phenomena of water and their mechanisms are summarized. With the emphasis on the theory of de-pinning of three-phase contact lines and the role that factors such as contact time can play in determining the dynamic stripping of surface water. Based on whether there is additional energy consumption when the adhered water is detached from the surface, the dynamic dehydration behaviour and application advantages and disadvantages of the surface are summarized according to the two categories of "passive dehydration" and "active dehydration". The positive effects of passive wetting control behaviours, surface stiffness, special macro textures, and tilt angles of lotus leaves, bird feathers, etc. on surface dehydration and solid-liquid contact time and their application research are summarized. We also summarized the functional principles of active dehydration behaviours such as kingfishers, hummingbirds, mosquitoes and mammals‘ shaking and high-speed movement, under their subjective consciousness. After that, the research progress of bionic applications using power devices to drive the surface to achieve movement and vibration dehydration effects is listed. Finally, synergistic dehydration strategies such as movement and vibration, combined with super-hydrophobicity and anisotropy of the surface are discussed, and then the combination of "bionic active dehydration" and "passive rapid dehydration" to complete the substantial desorption of surface water is systematically emphasized.