Chromium plating is widely used for surface strengthening of high-strength steel, but it will damage the fatigue strength of the matrix. This paper attempted to improve the fatigue resistance of chromium plating by using a new micro-crack chromium technique or introducing buffer layer. 30CrMnSiA high-strength steel was treated with standard hard chromium and self-developed micro-crack chromium techniques respectively. The effects of two chromium plating technique on fatigue properties of 30CrMnSiA high-strength steel were evaluated by rotary bending fatigue test. Meanwhile, the effect of copper plating pretreatment was compared, and the fracture morphology was analyzed by FESEM. The results showed that compared with the hard chromium coating, the surface micro-cracks of self-developed micro-crack chromium plating were shallow and fine, and had more numbers, with the density of micro-cracks was up to 1020 lines/cm, and the cracks did not penetrate the plating and were distributed in layers. Under the stress of 850 MPa, hard chromium plating of 30 μm would reduce the median fatigue life of 30CrMnSiA high-strength steel by about 48%, and the fatigue fracture is characterized by multi-sources. However, the self-developed micro-crack chromium plating with the same thickness only reduced the fatigue life of the substrate by 23%. After the fatigue test, no obvious cracks were found on the micro-cracked Cr-plating, and the cracks propagated in multi-direction. The fatigue resistance of 30CrMnSiA treated by self-developed micro-crack chromium technique was significantly better than that of hard chromium plating. In addition, if the copper-plated transition layer was introduced between the substrate/chromium plating, the number of cracks reaching the substrate could be effectively reduced, the fatigue performance of 30CrMnSiA high-strength steel was obviously improved, and the median fatigue life was almost close to the matrix.