To solve the problem of uncontrollable size and poor quality of micro-textures on the surface of cemented carbide fabricated by nanosecond laser, the composite processing technology of ion beam etching (IBE) and nanosecond laser was put forward. For the first time, we propose an IBE-assisted laser processing approach to fabricate pit-type micro-textures on the surface of WC/Co cemented carbide substrate. The effects of laser scanning speed, repetition frequency, pulse width, and etching time on the surface morphology and structure size of micro-pits were studied, and the evolution model of micro-pits profile in this composite process was preliminarily predicted and established. The accumulation of molten materials at the edge of pit-type micro-textures increased with the increase of laser repetition frequency, which was inversely proportional to laser scanning speed and pulse width, and laser repetition frequency had the greatest influence among them. Besides, the diameter and depth of micro-pits fabricated can be adjusted by changing laser repetition frequency and etching time. After IBE for 150 min, the height of irregular bulge at the edge of micro-pits fabricated by nanosecond laser at 20 kHz, 25 kHz, 30 kHz, and 35 kHz repetition frequency decreased from 1.112 μm, 1.675 μm, 2.951 μm, and 3.235 μm to 0.222 μm, 0.689 μm, 0.976 μm, and 1.364 μm respectively, and the etching rate was proportional to laser repetition frequency. What’s more, the surface roughness of polished cemented carbide increased from 0.022 μm to 0.079 μm after IBE for 150 min, while which of laser textured cemented carbide decreased with the increase of etching time. In conclusion, the evolution of surface micro-textures profile based on IBE-assisted nanosecond laser is established, and the high precision controllable fabrication of micro-textures on WC/Co cemented carbide surface is realized.