The work aims to investigate the scuffing resistant properties and failure reasons of dissimilar stainless steel specimens treated by nitriding and spraying MoS2 coating after vibration. Vibration parameter was obtained by trigonometric series method. The simulation specimens of pedestal (Ⅰ type stainless steel) and tie bar (Ⅱ type stainless steel) were gas nitrided and sprayed MoS2 coatings. These specimens were studied by three dimensional microscope, XRD, SEM, EDS and simulation platform of vibration test. The phases of Ⅰ type and Ⅱ type stainless steel were γ′-Fe4N, ε-Fe2-3N and CrN. The thickness of MoS2 coatings of Ⅰ type and Ⅱ type stainless steel were 30~40 μm and 20~30 μm, the thickness of nitrided layers of Ⅰ type and Ⅱ type stainless steel were about 165 μm and 230 μm. On simulation platform of vibration test, pedestal and tie bar after nitriding and spraying MoS2 coating were scuffing when the vibration time was 30 min to 45 min. The upper and inferior interfaces were badly worn, and the inner inferior interface was mildly worn. The inferior interface of tie bar was rotating; upper interface kept contact, and the friction of inferior and upper interface was bigger than gravity of the bar, so the scuffing occurred. Surface roughness of parts of pedestal and tie bar is increasing, the diameter of tie bar is 0.28 mm larger than the distance between upper and inferior surface of pedestal, the nitriding layer of tie bar comes into contact with that of pedestal, and these nitrided layers have larger solubility and contain face-centered cubic nitride, so the failure of pedestal and tie bar occurs after vibration tests and rotation. Some suggestions for improvement of dimensions of pedestal and tie bar, surface treatment and process parameter are given.