This study aims at investigating the effect of temperature (?50~60℃) on the tribological behavior of polyurethane. The friction and wear properties of polyurethane/316L stainless steel were studied under different service temperatures by UMT-3 wear tester combined with temperature test device. The important characteristics such as the evolution of the friction coefficient of sealing pair of polyurethane/316L, the surface worn morphologies and the damage mechanism were specially discussed. The results showed that in the low temperature range (?50~0 ℃), the friction coefficient of the friction pair decreased from 1.08 at ?50 ℃ to 0.77 at 0℃. The wear rate of polyurethane was all below 0.5 kg/m, with the wear resistance enhanced. There were many particles on the worn surface due to the micro-molecular fracture caused by micro cutting. The average size of wear debris was 87.3 μm at ?50℃, and the main wear mechanism is abrasive wear. However, the wear rate were higher than 1 kg/m at 25℃ and 60℃, and the friction coefficients of the interface were 0.98 and 0.62, respectively. The macro delamination and flaking play a leading role in the normal temperature environment, characterized by fatigue wear. At high temperature, the friction heat caused slight adhesion on the wear surface, and the wear debris taking part in the wear presented a large-scale (386.7 μm on average) strip structure. In addition, the crescent-shaped pits were formed on the wear surface of polyurethane with the exfoliating layer. The number of pits at 0℃ in the same area was about 4 times of that at 60℃. Temperature has a significant impact on the friction and wear properties of polyurethane. The damage mechanisms of polyurethane materials are different with the change of service temperature.