The work aims to optimize the induction hardening process, and provide a theoretical basis for improving the surface hardness and wear resistance of alloy cast iron. The phase transformation law of alloy cast iron was analyzed by Thermo-Calc and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), and high-frequency surface hardening was carried out to the material at a power of 6 kW and 8 kW for 2~8 s. The effects of different induction hardening processes on the microstructure, hardness and friction and wear properties of alloy cast iron were studied by scanning electron microscope (SEM), Rockwell hardness tester and friction and wear tester. After induction hardening of alloy cast iron, the microstructure was composed of pearlite, martensite, graphite and phosphorus eutectic. With the increase of heating time, the martensite content increased and pearlite and phosphorus eutectic gradually decreased until disappeared at 6 kW/8 s and 8 kW/6 s. However, the cracks occurred over time. The hardness of the hardening zone increased with the increase of heating time, and the peak value was 50 HRC. The relationship between the both could be described by the Logistic curve relationship. Increasing the hardness increased the wear resistance. After certain hardness was exceeded, the friction coefficient fluctuated at 0.11. Different forms of cracks could cause different changes in the width of the wear scar. The process of induction hardening can effectively improve the surface hardness and oil friction properties of alloy cast iron.