The work aims to investigate the applicability of the electrochemical hydrogen permeation sensors in marine corrosive environment and the hydrogen permeation behavior of high strength steel. Hydrogen permeation sensors were designed and fabricated and then placed in the corrosive environment of marine atmosphere, simulated marine splash zone and simulated tidal zone, respectively. Electrochemical hydrogen permeation technology was used to show the permeation of hydrogen into the AISI 4135 high strength steel due to corrosion in natural corrosion environment. Combined with the factors influencing the corrosion rate of material, the generation mechanism of hydrogen was investigated. The hydrogen permeation current density of material caused by corrosion in marine atmospheric corrosion environment was in a small magnitude, and the magnitude of it was proportional to the absolute humidity of atmosphere. In the simulated marine splash zone, the magnitude of hydrogen permeation current density was related to the spraying interval of sea water simulating the splash effect, and the maximum value of current density was larger under the condition of spraying interval of 10 min than that under the condition of spraying interval of 1 min. The hydrogen permeation current density exhibited periodic fluctuations in the simulated marine tidal zone, and the fluctuation was larger in the early age, but turned to be stable later. The application of hydrogen permeation current of electrochemical hydrogen permeation sensors caused by corrosion in the marine atmospheric corrosion environment, marine splash zone and marine tidal zone shows good stability and reliability and reflects the characteristics of hydrogen permeation current in different corrosion environments. The hydrogen permeation behavior of materials under different environments is quite different.