The work aims to make the distribution of residual stress field different from that of plane and analyze its formation mechanism, aiming at the influence of surface curvature on laser shock wave propagation in the curved surface materials. Convex model was taken as the study object. With the help of finite element software ABAQUS, 7050 aluminum alloy specimens with 1/5, 1/10 and 1/15 curvatures were loaded by laser shock wave under 1500 MPa shock pressure. The corresponding plane specimens were set as control group, and the same parameters were used for experimental verification. When the curvature was 1/5, the distribution of residual stress field on the impact material surface was not uniform. At the edge of the spot in the bus direction, the residual compressive stress was only -237.0 MPa, and the plastic strain layer depth was 0.5878 μm. The residual compressive stress at the edge of the circular spot was -258.5 MPa, which was 9.07% higher than that of bus direction, and the depth of plastic strain layer reached 1.235 μm, which was 110.11% higher than that of bus direction. This phenomenon gradually disappeared with the decrease of curvature. When the curvature was less than 1/15, the distribution of surface residual stress field was approximately that of plane specimen. In the convex model subject to laser shock, the distribution of residual compressive stress field on the surface is biased, that is, the residual compressive stress value in the bus direction is less than that in the circumferential direction, and the corresponding plastic strain depth is consist with this result.