The work aims to improve the coarseness of the coating structure, the uneven distribution of the phase, and the defects such as pores and cracks in the conventional laser cladding process. The coating material (nickel-coated WC powder) was preliminarily placed on the surface of the Q235 steel substrate with the rosin alcohol solution as a binder. The optimum laser parameters (power P=1600 W, spot diameter d=5 mm, scanning speed ν=4 mm/s) were used and the cladding test was carried out under the high frequency microvibration. Finally, the nickel-based WC reinforced coating was prepared. The microstructure, element composition, phase, microhardness and wear resistance of the coatings were measured and analyzed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive spectrometer (EDS), X-ray diffraction (XRD), microhardness tester and universal friction and wear tester (UMT). Under the excitation force generated by high-frequency microvibration, the coating structure was transformed from coarse dendrites to equiaxed crystals and fine dendrites, the phase components were mainly γ-Ni(Fe), Ni3Fe, WC, M23C6 type compounds and the like. The dark hard phase was evenly distributed, and the defects such as pores and cracks almost disappeared. The coating wear mechanism was mainly slight abrasive wear. Compared to the coating without high frequency microvibration, the microhardness was increased by 17%, the friction coefficient was reduced by 29%, and the wear resistance was increased by 49%. High-frequency microvibration-assisted laser cladding can significantly improve the quality of the coating prepared, make the microstructure more dense and the component distribution more uniform, enhance the effect of fine-grain strengthening and dispersion strengthening, and significantly improve the mechanical properties such as hardness and wear resistance.