The paper aims to improve the surface performance of cylinder liner-piston ring in marine diesel engine under harsh running conditions by surface texturing. In this paper, two kinds of cylinder liner and piston ring materials (W and M) on the real ship were selected and processed into pin-disc samples. The circular pit texture was processed on the piston ring pin and the groove texture was processed on the cylinder liner disc with the laser marking machine. The friction and wear tests were carried out on the RTEC multi-functional friction and wear tester by matching non-textured cylinder liners and piston rings with textured cylinder liners and piston rings. The friction reduction performance of smooth, single-textured and coupling-textured surfaces were compared and analyzed from the aspects of friction coefficient, wear loss, wear profile and energy dispersion spectrum. The results showed that, compared with non-textured and single-textured surfaces, the coupling texture of both materials had the lowest friction coefficient. The maximum anti-friction performance of material M was improved by 21.52%; while that of material W was improved by 27.29%. The coupling texture also had the minimum wear loss, which improved the anti-wear performance of material M and W by 81.10% and 36.14% respectively. The coupling texture can significantly reduce the surface roughness of materials M and W after wear and improve their retentivity of lubricating oil. The distribution of Fe and C elements inside the texture and on the contact surface was regional. A small amount of Cu was found on the wear mark of cylinder liner surface. In conclusion, the formation and stability abilities of oil film between the cylinder liner and the piston ring can be effectively enhanced by the coupling effect of groove and pit textures. Groove and pit texture can store debris, improve the efficiency of debris collection, and prevent debris from scratching the surface continuously. Based on the synergistic effect of coupling textures, the Cu from the cylinder liner material is adsorbed on the worn surface and forms a soft film, which improves the carrying bearing capacity, reduces the wear loss and roughness.