The work aims to investigate the effect of silane coupling agent (SCA) on the anti-friction and sustained release properties of the cylinder with the micro dimples filled with PTFE particles. The micro dimples with different parameters were processed on the surface of the cylinder by laser etching machine, and the parameters were optimized according to friction coefficient. The composite lubrication structure was prepared with SCA modified PTFE by the optimal micro dimples parameters through by smearing method. The anti-friction property of the lubrication structure was tested by a reciprocating test rig. The surface morphology and composition of the cylinder were analyzed by SEM and EDS. The release behavior of PTFE in the micro dimples was studied by a three-dimensional surface profiler. The PTFE filled micro dimple with diameter of 0.4 mm and depth of 120 μm showed the best anti-friction effect under hot-pressed method. Moreover, the addition of the SCA further improved the anti-friction effect between friction pairs and the friction coefficient was 0.1248, which decreased by 24.3%, 18.8% and 11.2%, respectively when compared with that of the untreated cylinder, the cylinder with micro dimples and the PTFE cylinder under hot-pressed method, the coefficient of friction. Furthermore, SCA could also reduce the release of PTFE in micro dimples on the surface and extend the time effect and make the releasing rate of PTFE particles in the micro dimples decrease by 96.3% when compared with hot-pressed method. The composite lubrication structure can improve the friction condition between friction pairs and its friction reduction and slow release mechanism is the result of the synergistic effect of solid self-lubricating material, surface micro dimples and SCA.