Due to high polarization, excellent chemical and thermal stability, ferroelectric materials have attracted great attention of the researcher in microwave absorption field. Many works about ferroelectric microwave absorption materials were reported in the last twenty years. Here, the loss mechanisms and performances of microwave absorption of typical ferroelectric materials are summarized in detail. For the electrical loss mechanisms of ferroelectrics, dielectric loss, electric conductance loss and interface loss mechanism are summarized. For multiferroics and ferroelectric-magnetism hybrid composites, magnetic loss and magnetic-dielectric synergy mechanism are summarized. Simultaneously, the constitutive principle and action principle of the loss types are summarized. For the microwave absorption performances, the properties of BiFeO3- and BaTiO3-based materials in recent years are summarized, including single phase materials, doped materials and composite materials of them. The properties of microwave absorption at room temperature are compared with that at high temperature. Moreover, according to the relation between structure and microstructure of ferroelectric materials and absorption intensity and effective absorption bandwidth of ferroelectric materials, the microwave response mechanisms are summarized. Finally, the problems that hinder the growth of ferroelectric microwave absorption materials are analyzed, and the development outlook of the materials in the future is stated.