The paper aims to study the influences of various corrosion defects and the interaction of multiple corrosion defects on pipeline failure, and propose a calculation method of pipeline failure pressure considering the effect of multiple corrosion defects. Based on data of the full-scale pressure burst tests of pressure pipelines with corrosion defects, the failure pressure of pipelines with multiple corrosion defects was analyzed with the finite element method. The concept of interaction coefficient of overlapping corrosion defects was proposed and applied to the calculation of pipeline failure pressure with overlapping corrosion defects. The results revealed that different longitudinal spacing and circumferential spacing of corrosion defects had a significant effect on the interaction of multiple corrosion defects, which affected the failure pressure of pipelines. There was a critical range for the interaction of multiple corrosion defects, and different sizes of corrosion defect also affected their interaction critical values. When there was an overlapping corrosion defect with “+” shape in the pipeline, the failure pressure was significantly reduced; the top defect geometry of overlapping corrosion defect was a main reason for determining the trend of the failure pressure, that was, the failure pressure decreased greatly with the increase of longitudinal length and depth of the top corrosion defect; while as the width of the top defect increased, the failure pressure decreased slowly. The geometrical size of corrosion defects is an important factor affecting the interaction of multiple corrosion defects and the pipeline failure pressure. Considering the interaction coefficient of multiple corrosion defects, the failure pressure analysis of multiple corrosion pipelines can be effectively performed.