The work aims to improve the microhardness and corrosion protection of Ni-P coatings. The block Ti3AlC2 particles were disposed with 40% hydrofluoric acid to obtain Ti3C2Tx particles with the two-dimensional layered structure and then Ti3C2Tx particles were added into electroplating bath to prepare Ni-P-Ti3C2Tx composite coatings by electrodeposited technology. The composition, surface morphology, surface contact angle and microhardness of Ni-P-Ti3C2Tx composite coatings were studied, and the effect of Ti3C2Tx particles on the properties of Ni-P coatings was analyzed by combining the dynamic potential polarization curves and Nyquist impedance diagrams. Through in-depth analysis of the performance of Ni-P-Ti3C2Tx composite coatings, the surface roughness of Ni-P-Ti3C2Tx composite coatings increased unceasingly with the increasing doped amount of Ti3C2Tx particles. This was because that the conductive Ti3C2Tx particles increased the dendritic crystal and the surface contact angle of Ni-P-Ti3C2Tx composite coatings grew, thus playing a great role in improving the corrosion protection performance of Ni-P-Ti3C2Tx composite coatings. Moreover, the microhardness of Ni-P-Ti3C2Tx composite coatings improved with the doped Ti3C2Tx particles, mainly depending on the effect of dispersion toughening and limited grain boundaries. The corrosion protection performance of Ni-P-Ti3C2Tx composite coatings increased at first and then decreased with the increasing doped amount of Ti3C2Tx particles. Doped Ti3C2Tx particles can improve the microhardness and corrosion protection of Ni-P composite coatings.