The conductive wear resistant and self-lubricating coating is a functional special coating with the properties of high conductivity, high abrasion resistance, low friction, high temperature resistance and toughening. The coating is widely used in improving the surface performance of sliding electrical contact parts in high-endequipment, such as electromagnetic rail gun guide rail, water turbine generator collector ring and pantograph slide plate. Recently, the rapid development of electronic communication, rail transit, aerospace industrial and other technologies has further promoted the research and application of coating. The work mainly elaborated the relevant technologies for the preparation of conductive wear resistant and self-lubricating coatings, including cold spraying technology, supersonic plasma spraying technology, magnetron sputtering technology, laser surface modification technology and electroplating technology and summarized the characteristics of various preparation technologies. Then, the main factors and microscopic mechanism affecting the conductive and wear-resisting properties of coatings were analyzed, the heat loss from the perspective of energy in the process of current-carrying friction and wear were further discussed, and the mechanism of current-carrying friction and wear was revealed from the perspective of atom and phase transition. The potential system of materials for conductive wear resistant and self-lubricating (MAX, Magnéli and the like) coatings were analyzed. Finally, it pointed out that optimizing the coating quality, researching and developing of testing equipment and exploring the conductive, wear resistant and self-lubricating mechanism would be the key development directions of the comprehensive protective coating in the future.