Magnesium alloys are promising materials to prepare the vascular stent due to the favorable biocompatibility, ex-cellent mechanical properties and perfect biodegradable property. However, in-stent restenosis (ISR) still remains in the primary stage of implantation because of the excessive proliferation of vascular smooth muscle cells (SMCs) over endothelial cells (ECs). Recently, micro-nano scale surface topography construction provides a prospective strategy for rapid re-endothelialization via regulating the behavior of both ECs and SMCs. The work systematically summarized the influence of micro-nano surface topography on vascular cells from the aspects of substrate materials, topography features, preparation methods, cell types and test results. As there were few reports on the influence of micro-nano surface topography of magnesium alloys on the cell responses, relevant researches on fabrication of micro-nano topography on magnesium alloys surface in different fields were introduced in detail from type of magnesium alloy, topography fabrication process, topography characteristics, topography functions, etc. Meanwhile, the challenges of applying micro-nano scale topography to promote rapid re-endothelialization of Mg-based vascular stents were analyzed and the corresponding research progress in the research group was presented.