Marine equipment plays an increasingly important role in marine economic construction and marine defense. The problem of fouling organisms on the surface of water is still a key factor restricting the service life of marine equipment. The work firstly discusses the formation process and causes of biofouling, summarizes the harm of biofouling to marine equipment service, and clearly points out that the problem of fouling on the surface of hull has become a major problem hindering the research of hull surface drag reduction technology. Numerous studies have shown that studying the unity of surface structure and function and achieving effective surface protection and drag reduction are essential for the future development of marine equipment. The current two main research ideas are to regulate the physical and chemical properties of the surface, such as wettability and surface topography and to develop suitable antifouling agents for inhibiting the attachment and propagation of microorganisms. According to the above ideas, based on the principle of drag reduction of dolphins and sharks flexible skin, the flexible surface of common antifouling coating (polyurethane) was investigated, and the drag reduction by texture was introduced. Investigating the dual regulation of flexible surface and texture parameters on drag reduction behavior and anti-fouling bio-adhesion under service conditions is expected to achieve energy saving and consumption reduction of marine equipment under service conditions. At the end, the research methods of combining anti-biofouling bacteria and natural metabolites into the surface of marine equipment to achieve the function of repelling and resisting the adhesion of organisms are proposed.