The work aims to improve the loading capacity of the water-lubricated bearing and explore the bearing mechanism of textured water-lubricated bearings. The three-dimensional textured water-lubricated journal bearing and the two-dimensional textured parallel contact model were established respectively by Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) to analyze the surface micro-textured bearing mechanism from the macro and micro perspectives. From the macroscopic view, the loading capacity in-creased firstly and then decreased as the textures zone moved to the downstream from upstream when the structure parameters kept unchanged. The micro-hydrodynamic effect occurred because of the textures, resulting in an upward pressure pulsation trend which improved the loading capacity. However, the primary pressure region gradually became a dotted area with the textures as centers, thus resulting in the decrease of the bearing area. From the microscopic view, as the texture moved toward the inlet, the pressure distribution moved to the left as a whole. When Re> 1, the pressure distribution moved upward as a whole with the increase of inertia effect, and the pressure reduction at the texture was limited when the cavitation effect was considered. From the macro view, the non-homodromous hydrodynamic superposition action between the micro-hydrodynamic effect and the primary pressure effect determines the loading capacity of the textured water-lubricated journal bearing. The high pressure area of the original liquid film is used as the boundary. When the texture area is in the upstream, the bearing capacity rises and on the contrary declines. From the micro view, the micro-hydrodynamic pressure effect is caused by the surface micro-texture mainly through the inlet suction effect, cavitation effect and inertia effect.