The work aims to obtain a new method to prepare silicon carbide nano-fibers by optimizing the process and laser processing parameters. The nano-silicon carbide particles prepositioned on the Ni substrate was irradiated by the 500 W galva-nometer-type fiber laserunder the protection of argon. The surface morphology, elemental composition, phases and microstructure of obtained products were analyzed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), X-ray diffractometry (XRD) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM), respectively. The laser processing parameters had certain effects on morphology and structure of obtained products. When the laser energy density was between 7.71 kJ/cm2 and 8.75 kJ/cm2, the prepared silicon carbide nano-fibers consisted of polycrystalline and amorphous structures and the diameter ranged from 5 nm to 10 nm. When the energy density of laser was 7.92 kJ/cm2 to 8.33 kJ/cm2, a small amount of C element was present in the sample in addition to SiC. Therefore, silicon carbide nano-fibers with good morphology can be obtained by the silicon carbide particles irradiatedon the Ni substrateat certain laser processing parameters, thus providing a new method for prepared silicon carbide nano-fibers.