The work aims to study the properties of the ceramic coating of 3Cr13 stainless steel prepared by laser cladding composite sol gel under the different ratios of precursor, and analyze the strengthening mechanism. A homogeneous precursor of TiO2 and C (micro-graphite and carbon nanotubes (CNTs)) was prepared by sol-gel method, and a high-performance coating was prepared on the surface of the 3Cr13 stainless steel substrate by laser cladding. The microstructure and phase composition of the coating were analyzed by optical microscopy (OM), X-ray diffractometry (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS). The hardness of the coating was tested by Vickers hardness tester and the wear resistance of substrate and cladding layer was tested by HT-600 high temperature friction machine. A homogeneous mixed powder of TiO2 and C could be prepared by the sol-gel method. The TiC and Cr7C3 strengthening phases were uniformly distributed in the cladding layer. If the precursor ratio was changed, when the moral ratio of C and TiO2 increased, the coating structure was remarkably refined, there was no pore in the coating, and the microhardness was also greatly improved. When n(TiO2)∶n(C) was 1∶8, the microhardness of subsurface reached 810HV0.2 and the coating tended to decrease and had the best wear resistance which was 4.5 times that of the substrate. When the mole ratio of C and TiO2 is increased, the microhardness and wear resistance of cladding layer can be improved. The hard particles in the coating gradually decreases from top to bottom when the TiC density is lower in the molten pool. Correspondingly, the hardness of the coating has a tendency of decrease. At the same time, the addition of CNTs has a fine grain strengthening effect on the coating. The Ti element combines with CNTs and micron graphite to form micro-scale TiC, and then Cr7C3 will use micro-scale TiC as a nucleus to grow and form a wrap-like Cr7C3 strengthening phase.