The work aims to optimize the shot peening process and further improve the strengthening effect of shot peening. The finite element modelling in conformity with full surface coverage and different shot peening methods was established by the predefined field and the rapid modeling method based on moving vector. The distribution rule of residual stress along with the tangential direction of the peened component surface by different shot peening methods was analyzed through the local coordinate conversion of stress in the simulation results. As for the shot peening method with fixed direction (method-1), the impact angle in different areas changed within 60° to 90°. As the impact angle increased, the consumption rate of kinetic energy and conversion rate of strain energy during impaction respectively increased from 71.6% and 5.3% to 89.0% and 7.5% and the surface coverage increased as well. As for the shot peening method with fixed angle (method-2), the impact angle was always 90° and surface coverage was evenly distributed so that the residual stress induced by shot peening method-1 was larger than that in shot peening method-2 in convex arc surface, oblique surface and concave arc surface. The difference value between the stresses increased first, then kept stable, and finally decreased along with the +x direction. Compared with the shot peening method with fixed direction, the shot peening method with fixed angle is adopted, because the consumption rate of kinetic energy and the conversion rate of strain energy during the impact are higher due to larger impact angle and the full surface coverage can be ensured. Therefore, larger surface residual stress can be obtained in convex arc surface, oblique surface and concave arc surface of the component.