The work aims to explore the effects of microstructure and degradation on electrochemical oxidation of Reactive Orange X-GN dye wastewater by boron doped diamond (BDD). The BDD films were respectively deposited on the helium sub-strate by HFCVD technology for 6, 12 and 18 hours to obtain 6-BDD/Nb, 12-BDD/Nb, and 18-BDD/Nb electrodes. Then, the three electrodes were used as anodes to simulate the electrochemical oxidative degradation of Reactive Orange X-GN dye wastewater by adjusting the temperature of external degradation, respectively. Electrode performance was analyzed by Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM), Raman spectrometer and electrochemical workstation. The absorbance of wastewater was measured by UV-visible spectrophotometer. As the deposition time prolonged, the surface microstructure of BDD electrodes was changed, but the grain size, surface roughness and boron doped amount were increased, and the sp3/sp2 ratio was increased. The effective catalytic active area of 12-BDD/Nb and 18-BDD/Nb electrodes was 2.6 and 2.8 times of that in the 6-BDD/Nb electrode, respectively. At room temperature, the degradation efficiency increased by 1.3 times and 1.5 times respectively, and energy consumption reduced by 10.8 and 22.6 kWh/m3, respectively. With the increase of d temperature, the degradation rate of the electrode was accelerated, the energy consumption was reduced, and the degradation efficiency of the three electrodes tended to be uniform and below 5.5 kWh/m3 ultimately. With the increase of deposition time, the microstructure of BDD electrode has been changed and the electrochemical and oxidative degradation performance of BDD electrode has been improved. Increasing of degradation temperature is conductive to increasing the degradation rate of electrode and reducing the energy consumption. Increasing the temperature is effective to improve the degradation rate of low-efficiency electrodes, but ineffective for high-efficiency electrodes.