In the mechanical system, friction and wear not only consume a lot of energy, but also become one of the main factors that lead to the wear and premature failure of equipment. As an important branch of tribology, bionic surface texture has been proved to be an effective means to improve the lubrication and friction properties. Based on the theoretical study of the influence of surface texture on lubrication and abrasion reduction at home and abroad, the development course of hydrodynamic lubrication theory was summarized, the advantages and disadvantages of the Reynolds equation and Navier-Stokes equation were compared and analyzed, and several common numerical methods for lubrication theory research were introduced, including finite difference method, finite element method, finite volume method, etc.. Moreover, the applicability scope of Reynolds equation and the selection of fluid control equation were discussed, and the research progress of the mixed lubrication theory was also summarized. In addition, based on the domestic and international experimental research on the lubrication and abrasion reduction of surface textures, the current research results and their deficiencies were summarized. On this basis, the necessity of the research on the optimization design of surface texture parameters for the actual working conditions was stated and the significance of surface texture on oil and gas equipment was clarified according to the friction and wear mechanism of oil and gas equipment under special conditions. The feasibility to improve lubrication and tribological properties of oil and gas equipment by bionic surface texture technology and its application prospect in oil and gas equipment field were discussed. Finally, the future development direction of bionic surface texture was proposed.