This work aims to study the effects of Ni2+ concentration in ionic liquid on structure and composition of Al-Ni alloy coatings, and current density on surface morphology and texture of the coatings. The Al-Ni alloy coatings were prepared in the method of pulse current at different current density in AlCl3/trimethylamine hydrochloride ionic liquid containing different concentration of Ni2+. Besides, the effects of Ni2+ concentration in ionic liquid on structure and composition of Al-Ni alloy coatings were studied using SEM, XRD and EDS, and the effects of current density on surface morphology and texture of the coatings were investigated. As Ni2+ concentration increased in the ionic liquid, Ni content in the coatings increased, cellular particle size decreased, the surface tended to be uniform, and aluminum nickel intermetallic compound formed at the Ni2+ concentration of 2 mol/L. In addition, as current density increased, surface morphology of the coatings transformed from acicular crystal to claviform particle which gradually increased. The Ni2+ concentration and current density have certain influence on surface morphology, structure and composition of the Al-Ni alloy coatings. Provided with current density of 6 mA/cm2 and Ni2+ concentration of 0.2 mol/L, 10 μm thick Al-Ni alloy coatings containing intermetallic compounds and consisting of 3 μm grains can be obtained after being electrodeposited for 4 h in the method of pulse current.