The work aims to make an ablation-resistant coating with excellent properties for ship deck from a double layer coating material structure. With epoxy resin as bottom base material and mullite as surface base material, a kind of ablation-resistant coating material for ship deck was prepared by adding several adjuvants and filler as well as various refractory raw materials. Properties of the ablation-resistant coating bottom were studied by testing adhesive force and shear force. Properties of the ablation-resistant coating surface were studied by testing modulus of rupture, cold crushing strength, refractoriness, thermal conductivity and coefficient of thermal expansion. Properties of the ablation-resistant composite coating were studied by testing neutral salt spray resistance, artificial weathering-resistant property, impact resistance, heat-insulating property and ablation resistance. At last, smear process of the ablation-resistant coating was investigated. Adhesion of the coating bottom was up to 24.03 MPa, shear force 7.8 MPa, surface coating refractoriness up to 1580 ℃, modulus of rupture 9.1 MPa, cold crushing strength 65.7 MPa and thermal conductivity 0.762 W/(m?K). The coating material possesses better neutral salt spray resistance, artificial weathering-resistant property, impact resistance, heat-insulating property and ablation resistance. The developed ablation-resistant coating material can be used for external protection of ship deck surface, and it exhibits excellent smear application property.