The work aims to make Ni-W-P alloy plating possess the greatest hardness and wear resistance and find out the optimum contents of W and P in plating through test. Ni-W-P electroless plating with different W and P contents were prepared by changing the addition amount of sodium tungstate (0~75 g/L) in electroless plating bath. Contents of W and P were analyzed by SEM and EDS, hardness of plating was tested by microhardness tester and friction factor and wear rate of plating were detected by plating ball-plate friction and wear tester. Hardness of plating and contents of W and P in plating were analyzed by contrast to study the internal relation. X-ray diffractometer was used to analyze the phase of plating to detect the relation between contents of W and P and typical phase in plating so as to study the relation between phase and plating harness and wear resistance. The same method was adopted to investigate the relation between chemical compositions, hardness and wear resistance of plating at aging treatment condition. At test condition, when mass fraction of P reached about 6%, the plating at plating condition had the greatest hardness and the best wear resistance. After aging treatment for 1 h at 400 ℃, fraction mass of P and W respectively reached about 8.5% and 7.5% and plating had the largest hardness and wear resistance. At plating condition, the hardness of plating decreases as the content of P increases, but the effect of W on the hardness is minor. At aging treatment, the hardness of plating can increase as the content of W improves, but the effect of P on the harness is minor.