As aluminum alloys of medium strength and good comprehensive performance, 6xxx-series (Al-Mg-Si) aluminum alloys have been widely used in aerospace, transportation, construction machinery and other fields due to small density, good corrosion resistance and formability. However, these alloys still face corrosion problem in industrial applications, the corrosion will cause huge economic losses and bring serious security risks. In respect of this problem, corrosion types of 6xxx-series aluminum alloys were introduced firstly, factors affecting corrosion resistance of 6xxx-series aluminum alloys were summarized, and influences of alloying elements on corrosion resistance were emphatically introduced. Results of existing studies showed that Mg, Si, Cu, Zn and other elements in the aluminum alloys significantly affected the corrosion resistance, excessive Si and Cu elements could improve intergranular corrosion susceptibility of the aluminum alloys. The corrosion resistance of aluminum alloys could be improved by adding proper amount of transitional metal elements and rare earth elements. Then, ways of improving corrosion resistance of the aluminum alloys were analyzed, including improving heat treatment process, optimizing alloy composition and adding compounds. Several typical surface preservative treatment processes were introduced, such as anodizing technology, micro-arc oxidation technology, chemical conversion film technology, electroplating and electroless plating technology. Finally, some problems of the above methods were summarized, and main development directions of corrosion-resistant aluminum alloys were pointed out.