The work aims to study the effects of different constant potentials on abrasion resistance of TiAlN coating in artificial seawater. TiAlN coating was deposited on 316 stainless steel by adopting multi-arc ion plating technology. Phase structure, surface hardness, adhesion, electrochemical property, friction coefficient and wear rate of the TAliN coating was evaluated by performing XRD test, hardness test, adhesion test, electrochemical workstation test, abrasion test under different constant potentials and grinding crack section profile test, respectively. SEM was used to observe grinding crack morphology of the coating and analyze abrasion damage mechanism. Corrosion resistance of the TiAlN coating was superior to that of the substrate 316 stainless steel in seawater. Under the cathode potential, friction coefficient of the coating decreased as constant potential increased. Under the anode potential of 0.5 V, TiO2-based aquo-compound particles generated by friction could reduce the friction coefficient rapidly to 0.45 as a lubricant. Wear rate of the TiAlN coating under dry friction was 5.5678×10-5 mm3/(N?m). The wear rate was 2.2909×10-6 mm3/(N?m) under -1 V cathode protection potential, and 7.4881×10-5 mm3/(N?m) under open circuit potential (OCP). With the increase of load potential (SCE), the coating had more obvious corrosion effect. Abrasion mechanism of the coating under cathode potential was mainly plastic deformation, and the abrasion mechanism under anode potential was mainly fatigue pitting.